BadUSB is a vulnerability which relies on the fact that USB devices carry firmware which must be loaded by your OS in order for it to be used, even though it is straightforward to load a malicious firmware onto most USB devices. Relatively difficult to defend against using conventional methods, some defenses exist that can be quite effective if you are diligent, even though for now all standard USB devices are vulnerable.
BadUSB Reading List
SRLabs BadUSB Category
SRLabs BadUSB Research(PDF)
Wired Article(Sensationalism, but understanding sensationalism is important too)
Why USB is Fundamentally Broken
PCWorld Article(Less informative, but less sensationalist)
NakedSecurity suggests different USB Hardware workflow
Reddit Thread
BadUSB Video List
On Accessories that turn Evil
Simple explanation of BadUSB
Making BadUSB Work for You
BadUSB How-To
BadUSB Hardware implant with Kali Nethunter
BadUSB Github Repositories
USB Blacklisting/Whitelisting Option: USB WatchDog
Another promising USB Blacklisting/Whitelisting Option: USB Guard
Psychson Firmware and Loader(BadUSB Do-It-Yourself)
Psychsolin Linux port of PsychSon
BadUSB Reading and Video List
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